The Rise of AI Agents Integrating AI, Blockchain Technologies, and Quantum Computing (Petar Radanliev) (Z-Library) (1)

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About This eBook ePUB is an open, industry-standard format for eBooks. However, support of ePUB and its many features varies across reading devices and applications. Use your device or app settings to customize the presentation to your liking. Settings that you can customize often include font, font size, single or double column, landscape or portrait mode, and figures that you can click or tap to enlarge. For additional information about the settings and features on your reading device or app, visit the device manufacturer’s Web site. Many titles include programming code or configuration examples. To optimize the presentation of these elements, view the eBook in single- column, landscape mode and adjust the font size to the smallest setting. In addition to presenting code and configurations in the reflowable text format, we have included images of the code that mimic the presentation found in the print book; therefore, where the reflowable format may compromise the presentation of the code listing, you will see a “Click here to view code image” link. Click the link to view the print-fidelity code image. To return to the previous page viewed, click the Back button on your device or app.

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The Rise of AI Agents

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The Rise of AI Agents Integrating AI, Blockchain Technologies, and Quantum Computing Petar Radanliev Boston • Columbus • New York • San Francisco • Amsterdam • Cape Town Dubai • London • Madrid • Milan • Munich • Paris • Montreal • Toronto • Delhi • Mexico City São Paulo • Sydney • Hong Kong • Seoul • Singapore • Taipei • Tokyo

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Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters or in all capitals. The author and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book, but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained herein. Visit us on the Web: informit.com/aw. Library of Congress Control Number: 2024947467 Copyright © 2025 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission must be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permissions, request forms, and the appropriate contacts within the Pearson Education Global Rights & Permissions Department, please visit www.pearson.com/global-permission- granting.html. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Nor is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein. Please contact us with concerns about any potential bias at https://www.pearson.com/report-bias.html. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-535294-6 ISBN-10: 0-13-535294-0

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$PrintCode Front Cover Credit - CoreDESIGN/Shutterstock Director, ITP Product Management Brett Bartow Executive Editor James Manly Managing Editor Sandra Schroeder Development Editor Christopher A. Cleveland Senior Project Editor Mandie Frank Copy Editor Chuck Hutchinson Technical Editor Omar Santos Editorial Assistant Cindy Teeters Designer Chuti Prasertsith Composition codeMantra Indexer Timothy Wright

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Proofreader Jennifer Hinchliffe

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Dedication The integration of AI agents based on the Q-learning type of reinforcement learning, with quantum computing represents a potential leap toward artificial general intelligence (AGI) and the technological singularity, a point where AI surpasses human intelligence, fundamentally transforming society and becomes the highest form of intelligence on the planet. Quantum algorithms, such as Grover’s and Shor’s, will exponentially enhance AI’s capacity for optimization and cryptographic analysis, accelerating AGI’s evolution. This immense new power won’t be easy to control, and that raises significant security concerns, particularly in cryptographic resilience. The fastest solution lies in post-quantum cryptography, like lattice-based and hash-based cryptography, which ensures that even quantum-powered AI cannot compromise data integrity. But that is not sufficient, and we can expect breaches. We need to be able to audit cyber attacks. Blockchain technology, through its decentralized and immutable ledger, offers a transparent, immutable ledger for recording transactions and AI decisions, providing accountability and safeguarding against the misuse of AGI. By addressing these challenges, we can harness the benefits of AGI while mitigating the risks associated with the singularity. —Dr Petar Radanliev, University of Oxford, August 2024

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Contents Preface Part I Foundations of Advanced Technologies 1 Introduction to AI Agents, Blockchain, and Quantum Computing Chapter Objectives Fictional Story (Part 1): The Story of Jovan The Foundations of AI Agents Technological Innovations That Shape the Development of AI Agents: AI/ML, Blockchain, and Quantum Computing The Emergence of Artificial Intelligence Blockchain: Decentralized Trust Quantum Computing: A Leap into the Future The Convergence AI and Blockchain Synergy Quantum Computing Boosting AI and Blockchain Capabilities Future Potential of the Intersection of AI, Blockchain, and Quantum Computing

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Integration Case Studies and Theoretical Models The Ethical and Societal Implications Summary References Test Your Skills 2 The Advance of Artificial Intelligence into AI Agents Chapter Objectives The Rise of Neural Networks and Deep Learning Computational Power and Big Data Reinforcement Learning: Learning Through Interaction Q-Learning: An Off-Policy RL Algorithm Integration with Emerging Technologies Neural Turing Machines: Bridging AI and Memory Future Directions Summary References Test Your Skills 3 Digital Trust in AI Agents and Blockchain Technologies Chapter Objectives The Essence of Blockchain as a Distributed Ledger Ethereum and the Evolution of Blockchain Ecosystems

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Hyperledger: A Consortium for Enterprise Blockchain Solutions Smart Oracles: Bridging the Gap Between Blockchain and the Real World Automated Contracts: The Role of Machine Learning Enhancing Supply Chain Management with ML- Driven Contracts The Intersection of NLP and Legal Tech in Automated Contracts Summary References Test Your Skills Exercises Exercise 3.1: Exploring Blockchain Technologies and AI Integration Exercise 3.2: Researching Deeper into Blockchain Technologies and AI Integration Exercise 3.3: Comparing Blockchain Technologies Exercise 3.4: Assessing the Impact and Future of Blockchain and AI 4 Quantum Computing and AI Agents Chapter Objectives Quantum Mechanics in Computing Qubits and Their Role in Quantum Computing Quantum Entanglement and Parallelism Quantum Supremacy: The Race and the Reality

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Quantum Algorithms: Shor’s Algorithm, Grover’s Algorithm Shor’s Algorithm: Breaking Cryptography Quantum Computing and the Future of Cryptography Grover’s Algorithm: Searching Unstructured Databases Implications for the Future Challenges and Future Directions Error Correction and Coherence Quantum Computing and AI Summary References Test Your Skills Exercises Exercise 4.1: Understanding the Fundamentals of Quantum Computing Exercise 4.2: Probing Quantum Computing Concepts Exercise 4.3: Comparing Concepts in Quantum Computing Exercise 4.4: Assessing the Impact and Applications of Quantum Computing Part II Convergence for Enhanced Applications 5 Decentralized AI Agents Chapter Objectives Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain Technology

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The Next 10 Years: Accelerated Integration and Expansion (Present–2034) The Next 20 Years: Transformation and Societal Impact (2034–2054) The Next 50 Years: A New Era of Digital Civilization (2054–2104) Conscious AI on Blockchain Networks Interplanetary Blockchain Networks Universal Basic Data Income Digital Civilization Summary References Test Your Skills Exercises Exercise 5.1: Exploring AI-Blockchain Merging and Its Future Prospects Exercise 5.2: Assessing the Impact and Future of AI- Blockchain Integration Exercise 5.3: Exploring Innovations and Challenges in AI-Blockchain Synergy Exercise 5.4: Assessing the Potential and Risks of AI- Blockchain Evolution 6 Quantum AI Agents Chapter Objectives Quantum Machine Learning Algorithms: Quantum Neural Networks

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The Quantum Difference: Superposition and Entanglement Architectures of Quantum Neural Networks Opportunities and Challenges in Quantum AI Data Analysis Quantum AI in Optimization Problems Challenges in Quantum Data Analysis Quantum Machine Learning Algorithms Enhanced Optimization Algorithms Quantum-Enhanced Deep Learning Quantum Learning Theories Quantum Data Encoding Hybrid Quantum-Classical Algorithms Advances in Quantum Error Correction Post-Quantum Cryptography Quantum Advantage in Real-World Applications Summary References Test Your Skills Exercises Exercise 6.1: Understanding Quantum Neural Networks and Their Applications Exercise 6.2: The Impact of Quantum Computing on AI Exercise 6.3: Examining Quantum Advancements in Various Sectors 7 Blockchain, Quantum Computing, and AI Agents

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Chapter Objectives AI Agent Frameworks The Integration of Blockchain, Quantum Computing, and AI Agents Integrating AI Agents with Post-Quantum Cryptography: Lattice-Based and Hash-Based Algorithms Post-Quantum Cryptography: Lattice-Based and Hash-Based Algorithms Lattice-Based Cryptography Hash-Based Cryptography: Quantum-Resilient by Design Merkle Signature Scheme: Hash-Based Cryptography SPHINCS: Advancing Stateful to Stateless Hash- Based Signatures Quantum Cryptography: BB84 and E91 Quantum Attacks and Security Proofs Photon Number Splitting (PNS) Attacks in BB84 Practical Applications of Photon Number Splitting (PNS) Countermeasures Collective Quantum Attacks Integrating the Principles of Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Cryptography into Blockchain Technologies Quantum-Resilient Blockchain Technologies The Mitigation of Threats to Blockchain Technology from Quantum Computing Summary

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References Test Your Skills Exercises Exercise 7.1: Understanding Quantum-Resilient Cryptography Exercise 7.2: Practical Application and Implications Part III Implications for Society and Ethics 8 Ethics of AI Agents Chapter Objectives Understanding the Ethical Considerations in AI Algorithms for Fairness in AI Specific Algorithms Designed for Fairness Fundamental Algorithms for Fairness In-Processing Algorithms for Fairness: Integrating Fairness Directly into AI Models Postprocessing Algorithms for Fairness in Machine Learning Comprehensive Analysis of Fairness Algorithm Strengths and Weaknesses Practical Use Cases of Fairness Algorithms Company Applications of Fairness Algorithms Privacy Concerns in Quantum Computing and Bias Reduction Techniques Evaluating Ethical Frameworks for Quantum Technologies

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Recognizing the Broader Ethical Implications of AI and Quantum Technologies Reflecting on the Role of Policy and Regulation in AI and Quantum Computing Anticipating Future Ethical Challenges in AI and Quantum Computing Summary References Test Your Skills Exercises Exercise 8.1: Understanding Ethical AI and Quantum Computing 9 Legal Frameworks and Global Standards Shaping the Future Development of AI Agents Chapter Objectives Understanding the Regulatory Environment for AI Agents and Quantum Technologies Key Legislation and Policies Regulatory Bodies and Their Roles International Standards for Blockchain Technology Assessing the Impact of Regulation on Quantum Computing Challenges in Regulating Emerging Technologies Divergence in Technological Standards and Regulations: Focus on Asia International Bodies and Regulations

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Reflecting on the Balance Between Innovation and Regulation The Future of AI, Blockchain, and Quantum Computing Emerging Trends in AI Future Developments in Blockchain Technology Advances in Quantum Computing Synergies Among Emerging Technologies Potential Disruptions Caused by Emerging Technologies Ethical and Societal Implications Future Challenges and Opportunities Summary References Test Your Skills Exercises Exercise 9.1: Regulatory Frameworks and Standards Exercise 9.2: Analyzing International and Regulatory Challenges 10 Societal Impact and the Rise of Autonomous AI Systems Chapter Objectives Investigating the Impact of AI on Society Integrating AI into Military Autonomous Systems Utilizing AI in Autonomous Vehicles Applying AI in Healthcare Systems Assessing the Influence of Quantum Computing on Industries

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Recognizing the Challenges of Implementing AI Autonomous Systems Analyzing the Economic and Social Implications of AI and Quantum Computing Predicting Future Trends in Autonomous Technologies Reflecting on the Need for Responsible Development Understanding the Evolution of Technologies Addressing Future Challenges in AI, Blockchain, and Quantum Computing Exploring Future Opportunities in AI, Blockchain, and Quantum Computing Examining Ethical, Legal, and Societal Implications of Emerging Technologies Preparing for an AI-Integrated Future Engaging with Emerging Technologies Providing a Forward-Looking Perspective Fictional Story (Part 2): The Story of Jovan References Test Your Skills Exercises Exercise 10.1: Exploring AI and Quantum Computing’s Societal Impacts Exercise 10.2: Detailed Analysis of AI in Specific Sectors Exercise 10.3: Reviewing Key Technological Advancements Exercise 10.4: Reflecting on the Evolution of Technologies Exercise 10.5: Anticipating Future Challenges