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Anup Das, Peter Klee, Johannes Reichel With forewords by Thomas Saueressig and André Christ Enterprise Architecture with SAP ® Planning, Management, and Transformation
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Imprint This e-book is a publication many contributed to, specifically: Editor Megan Fuerst Acquisitions Editor Hareem Shafi Copyeditor Doug McNair Cover Design Graham Geary Photo Credit Shutterstock: 532961026/© fanjianhua Production E-Book Graham Geary Typesetting E-Book SatzPro, Germany We hope that you liked this e-book. Please share your feedback with us and read the Service Pages to find out how to contact us. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Control Number: 2024044380 ISBN 978-1-4932-2573-6 (print) ISBN 978-1-4932-2574-3 (e-book) ISBN 978-1-4932-2575-0 (print and e-book) © 2025 by Rheinwerk Publishing Inc., Boston (MA) 1st edition 2025
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Notes on Usage This e-book is protected by copyright. By purchasing this e-book, you have agreed to accept and adhere to the copyrights. You are entitled to use this e-book for personal purposes. You may print and copy it, too, but also only for personal use. Sharing an electronic or printed copy with others, however, is not permitted, neither as a whole nor in parts. Of course, making them available on the internet or in a company network is illegal as well. For detailed and legally binding usage conditions, please refer to the section Legal Notes. This e-book copy contains a digital watermark, a signature that indicates which person may use this copy:
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Table of Contents Notes on Usage Table of Contents Foreword by Thomas Saueressig Foreword by André Christ Preface
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Part I SAP Enterprise Architecture Framework 1 Introduction to Enterprise Architecture with SAP 1.1 What Is Enterprise Architecture? 1.2 How Is Enterprise Architecture Relevant in SAP Landscapes? 1.3 Evolution of Enterprise Architecture and the Enterprise Architect Role 1.4 Challenges and Obstacles When Implementing Enterprise Architecture 1.5 Summary 2 The SAP Enterprise Architecture Framework 2.1 Overview of Enterprise Architecture Frameworks 2.2 Enterprise Architecture Methodology
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2.2.1 Architecture Vision 2.2.2 Strategy and Motivation 2.2.3 Business Architecture 2.2.4 Solution Architecture 2.2.5 Technology Architecture 2.2.6 Roadmap and Transition 2.2.7 Requirements and Governance 2.3 SAP’s Reference Content 2.3.1 SAP Reference Business Architecture 2.3.2 SAP Reference Solution Architecture 2.3.3 Additional Reference Content 2.4 Preview of Tools and Practice 2.5 SAP’s Enterprise Architecture Services 2.5.1 SAP's Enterprise Architecture Service Approach 2.5.2 Patterns and Modularization 2.5.3 Applying the Service Methodology 2.6 Summary 3 Functional Integration of Enterprise Architecture 3.1 Business Process Management 3.2 Data Management
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3.3 Application Management 3.4 System versus Enterprise Architecture 3.5 Additional Functions and Practices 3.5.1 Portfolio Management 3.5.2 Requirements Management 3.5.3 Strategy Management 3.5.4 Innovation Management 3.5.5 Risk Management 3.5.6 Value Management 3.5.7 Organizational Change Management 3.6 Isolated versus Integrated Functions 3.7 Summary 4 Tool Capabilities for Enterprise Architecture 4.1 Generic Reference Architecture 4.2 Architecture Model 4.3 Architecture Artifacts 4.3.1 Representing Relationships in Artifacts 4.3.2 Representing Attribute Values in Artifacts 4.4 Features and Capabilities 4.5 Integrations
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4.6 Comparing Different Types of Enterprise Architecture Tools 4.7 Summary
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Part II SAP Enterprise Architecture Use Cases and Patterns 5 Cloud Transformation 5.1 Business and IT Context 5.1.1 Business Context 5.1.2 IT Context 5.2 Problem Statement 5.2.1 Company Profile 5.2.2 IT Landscape 5.2.3 Organizational Aspects 5.3 Applying the Enterprise Architecture Transformation Approach 5.4 Key Deliverables and Outcomes 5.4.1 Transformation Readiness 5.4.2 Business Process 5.4.3 Business Process Intelligence 5.4.4 Application Architecture 5.4.5 Instance Strategy 5.4.6 Artificial Intelligence and Automation 5.4.7 Integration 5.4.8 Extensibility
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5.4.9 Initiatives and Roadmap 5.4.10 Transition Scenario Evaluation 5.5 Summary 6 Business Transformation 6.1 Business and IT Context 6.1.1 Business Context 6.1.2 IT Context 6.2 Problem Statement 6.2.1 Company Profile 6.2.2 IT Landscape 6.3 Applying the Enterprise Architecture Transformation Approach 6.4 Key Deliverables and Outcomes 6.4.1 Strategy Mapping 6.4.2 Business Model Patterns 6.4.3 Business Capability Map 6.4.4 Application Architecture 6.4.5 Initiatives and Roadmap 6.4.6 Organizational Change Management 6.5 Summary 7 Sustainability
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7.1 Business and IT Context 7.1.1 Business Context 7.1.2 IT Context 7.2 Problem Statement 7.2.1 Company Profile 7.2.2 IT Landscape 7.3 Applying the Enterprise Architecture Transformation Approach 7.4 Key Deliverables and Outcomes 7.4.1 Strategy Mapping 7.4.2 Business Capability Heatmap 7.4.3 High-Level Solution Component Map 7.4.4 Application Architecture 7.4.5 Sustainability Roadmap 7.5 Summary 8 Mergers, Acquisitions, and Divestitures 8.1 Business and IT Context 8.1.1 Business Context 8.1.2 IT Context 8.2 Problem Statement 8.2.1 Divestiture Use Case: Company Profile and IT Landscape
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8.2.2 Acquisition Use Case: Company Profile and IT Landscape 8.3 Applying the Enterprise Architecture Transformation Approach 8.3.1 Divestiture Use Case 8.3.2 Acquisition Use Case 8.4 Key Deliverables and Outcomes 8.4.1 Divestiture Use Case 8.4.2 Acquisitions Use Case 8.5 Summary 9 Reducing Total Cost of Ownership 9.1 Understanding Total Cost of Ownership 9.1.1 Types of Costs 9.1.2 Capital versus Operational Expenditures 9.2 Business and IT Context 9.2.1 Business Context 9.2.2 IT Context 9.2.3 Total Cost of Ownership Analysis 9.3 Problem Statement 9.3.1 Company Profile 9.3.2 IT Landscape
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9.4 Applying the Enterprise Architecture Transformation Approach 9.5 Key Deliverables and Outcomes 9.5.1 Business Process 9.5.2 Business Capability 9.5.3 Template Assessment and Guidelines 9.5.4 Instance Strategy 9.5.5 Application Architecture 9.5.6 Transition Scenario and Evaluation 9.5.7 Initiatives and Roadmap 9.6 Summary 10 Patterns for Additional Use Cases 10.1 Rollout Strategy Assessment 10.1.1 Business Context 10.1.2 IT Context 10.1.3 Problem Statement 10.1.4 Applying the Enterprise Architecture Transformation Approach 10.1.5 Key Deliverables and Outcomes 10.2 Two-Tier Architecture 10.2.1 Business Context 10.2.2 IT Context
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10.2.3 Problem Statement 10.2.4 Applying the Enterprise Architecture Transformation Approach 10.2.5 Key Deliverables and Outcomes 10.3 Split Architecture 10.3.1 Business Context 10.3.2 IT Context 10.3.3 Problem Statement 10.3.4 Applying the Enterprise Architecture Transformation Approach 10.3.5 Key Deliverables and Outcomes 10.4 Summary
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Part III SAP LeanIX 11 SAP LeanIX Overview
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11.1 SAP LeanIX as Part of an End-to-End Toolchain 11.2 Fact Sheets and Meta Model 11.2.1 Relationships among Fact Sheets 11.2.2 Fact Sheet Subtypes 11.2.3 Fields and Tagging 11.3 The SAP LeanIX Application 11.4 The Time Dimension: Lifecycles and Transformations 11.4.1 Lifecycle Fields 11.4.2 Transformations 11.5 Workspace Setup 11.6 Summary 12 Working with SAP LeanIX 12.1 Dashboards 12.2 Common Tasks 12.2.1 Filters 12.2.2 Exploration 12.2.3 Structuring Dashboards, Reports, and Diagrams 12.3 Inventory 12.4 Tagging 12.5 Reports
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12.5.1 Landscape Reports 12.5.2 Matrix Reports 12.5.3 Roadmaps 12.5.4 Portfolio Reports 12.5.5 Interface Circle Maps 12.6 Diagrams 12.6.1 Creating and Editing Diagrams 12.6.2 Data Flow Diagrams 12.6.3 Free Draw Diagrams 12.7 Artificial Intelligence 12.8 Presentations 12.9 Subscriptions, User Roles, and Authorizations 12.10 Collaboration 12.10.1 Favorites and Sharing 12.10.2 Comments 12.10.3 Action Items and Questions 12.10.4 Surveys 12.11 Quality Management and Governance 12.12 Summary 13 Integration and Extensibility with SAP LeanIX
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13.1 Export and Import 13.2 Reference Catalogs 13.3 Extending the Meta Model 13.4 Integrations 13.4.1 Autodiscovery of SAP Landscapes 13.4.2 Prebuilt Integrations 13.4.3 Custom Integrations 13.5 Advanced Customization 13.5.1 Key Performance Indicators 13.5.2 Automations 13.5.3 Metrics 13.6 Summary 14 SAP LeanIX in Practice 14.1 Application Portfolio Management 14.2 Roadmap and Transformation Management 14.2.1 Use Case Description 14.2.2 Modeling the Baseline 14.2.3 Creating Program Structures and Milestones 14.2.4 Modeling the Transformations 14.2.5 Simulating Transformation in Reports 14.2.6 Executing Transformations