Material Ledger in SAP S4HANA (Ovigele, Paul)（Z-Library）
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The Material Ledger is mandatory in SAP S/4HANA. Get it up and running smoothly with this all-in-one resource! Configure key settings for currency conversion, ledgers, and valuation views. Then set up and run your key ML processes, step by step: actual costing, group valuation, profit center valuation, parallel cost of goods manufactured, and balance sheet valuation. Walk through special scenarios and execute reports to monitor material value flows. Unlock the potential of the Material Ledger! In this book, you’ll learn about: a. Configuration Set up the Material Ledger! Start by configuring currency types, ledgers, and valuation views in SAP S/4HANA. Then customize key processes to your specific needs for group valuation, actual costing, balance sheet valuation, and more. a. Valuation and Actual Costing Master parallel valuation with the Material Ledger for groups, profit centers, and balance sheets. Get step-by-step instructions to perform actual costing runs and material price analysis in SAP S/4HANA. a. Peripheral Applications Use the Material Ledger in specialized scenarios such as stock in transit, split valuation, make-to-order products, daily actual costs, exchange rate differences, and profitability analysis. Highlights include: 1) Group currency and valuation 2) Profit center valuation 3) Actual costing 4) Account determination 5) Material price analysis 6) Parallel cost of goods manufactured 7) Balance sheet valuation 8) Stock in transit 9) Peripheral applications 10) Reporting
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Paul Ovigele Material Ledger in SAP S/4HANA® Functionality and Configuration 2nd edition 2023
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Imprint This e-book is a publication many contributed to, specifically: Editor Megan Fuerst Acquisitions Editor Emily Nicholls Copyeditor Julie McNamee Cover Design Graham Geary Photo Credit Shutterstock: 1584542866/© Suciu Victor Production E-Book Kelly O’Callaghan Typesetting E-Book III-satz, Husby (Germany) We hope that you liked this e-book. Please share your feedback with us and read the Service Pages to find out how to contact us. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Control Number: 2022946828 ISBN 978-1-4932-2299-5 (print) ISBN 978-1-4932-2300-8 (e-book) ISBN 978-1-4932-2301-5 (print and e-book) © 2023 by Rheinwerk Publishing Inc., Boston (MA) 2nd edition 2023
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Dear Reader, Like many editors, I was an English major in college. However, that’s not to say I only wrote essays, read the “classics,” and discussed poetry in small group settings! Thanks to the core requirements of the curriculum, I couldn’t escape the sciences. That’s how I found myself in large lecture halls once or twice a week, revisiting my least-favorite subjects. During my sophomore year, I ended up in a neuroscience course that met my requirements: not too advanced, not too early in the morning, and not small enough for me to be noticed. On the first day of class, I chose a seat close to the exit, opened my enormous textbook, and felt like a very lost humanities student. Then the professor arrived. To my surprise, the 90-minute lecture flew by as we took a tour of the brain: from the brain stem to the limbic system to the cerebellum to the cerebrum and beyond, to the peripheral somatic and autonomic nervous systems. What should have been an overwhelming omen of the next several months was instead a fascinating preview. Still out of my element, but with my interest piqued, I left the lecture hall looking forward to learning more. That’s the power of a good teacher. If you’ve picked up this book, that means you’re familiar with one of SAP S/4HANA’s core requirements: the Material
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Ledger. As part of the Universal Journal, the Material Ledger is now mandatory to activate—but whether you take advantage of its powerful capabilities is up to you. Luckily, FI-CO expert Paul Ovigele is the teacher you need to make the most of implementing the Material Ledger for your organization. What did you think about Material Ledger in SAP S/4HANA: Functionality and Configuration ? Your comments and suggestions are the most useful tools to help us make our books the best they can be. Please feel free to contact me and share any praise or criticism you may have. Thank you for purchasing a book from SAP PRESS! Megan Fuerst Editor, SAP PRESS meganf@rheinwerk-publishing.com www.sap-press.com Rheinwerk Publishing • Boston, MA
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Notes on Usage This e-book is protected by copyright. By purchasing this e-book, you have agreed to accept and adhere to the copyrights. You are entitled to use this e-book for personal purposes. You may print and copy it, too, but also only for personal use. Sharing an electronic or printed copy with others, however, is not permitted, neither as a whole nor in parts. Of course, making them available on the internet or in a company network is illegal as well. For detailed and legally binding usage conditions, please refer to the section Legal Notes. This e-book copy contains a digital watermark, a signature that indicates which person may use this copy:
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Notes on the Screen Presentation You are reading this e-book in a file format (EPUB or Mobi) that makes the book content adaptable to the display options of your reading device and to your personal needs. That’s a great thing; but unfortunately not every device displays the content in the same way and the rendering of features such as pictures and tables or hyphenation can lead to difficulties. This e-book was optimized for the presentation on as many common reading devices as possible. If you want to zoom in on a figure (especially in iBooks on the iPad), tap the respective figure once. By tapping once again, you return to the previous screen. You can find more recommendations on the customization of the screen layout on the Service Pages.
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Table of Contents Dear Reader Notes on Usage Table of Contents Preface 1 Introduction to the Material Ledger in SAP S/4HANA 1.1 What Is the Material Ledger? 1.2 The Before: The Material Ledger in SAP ERP 1.2.1 Inventory Valuation 1.2.2 Multiple Valuation Approaches 1.2.3 Actual Costing 1.3 The After: The Material Ledger in SAP S/4HANA 1.3.1 SAP S/4HANA Finance
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1.3.2 Why the Material Ledger Is Mandatory 1.3.3 Inventory Valuation in SAP S/4HANA 1.4 Summary 2 Configuring Currency Types, Ledgers, and Valuation Views 2.1 Defining Currency Types for the General Ledger 2.1.1 Standard SAP Currency Types 2.1.2 Defining Standard Currency Types in the Universal Journal 2.2 Currency Conversion Settings for Company Codes 2.3 Defining the Currency and Valuation Profile 2.3.1 Maintaining the Currency and Valuation Profile 2.3.2 Assigning the Currency and Valuation Profile to the Controlling Area 2.3.3 Creating Versions for the Valuation Methods 2.3.4 Activating the Currency and Valuation Profile 2.4 Defining Ledgers for Valuation Views
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2.4.1 Ledgers in the Universal Journal 2.4.2 Multi-Valuation Ledger 2.4.3 Single Valuation Ledger 2.5 Defining Ledgers for Controlling Versions 2.6 Material Ledger Activation for Currencies and Valuations 2.6.1 Defining Material Ledger Types and Assigning Currency Types 2.6.2 Assigning Material Ledger Types to Valuation Areas 2.6.3 Activating Material Ledgers for Valuation Areas 2.7 Summary 3 Group Currency and Valuation 3.1 Group Currency 3.1.1 Setting Up Group Currency for a Company Code 3.1.2 Changing Material Cost 3.1.3 Making a Purchase 3.2 Group Valuation 3.2.1 Transfer Pricing with Group Valuation
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3.2.2 Group Valuation with Standard Cost 3.2.3 Group Valuation Configuration for WIP 3.3 Cross-Company Purchasing 3.3.1 Intercompany Setup 3.3.2 Intercompany Scenario 3.4 Summary 4 Profit Center Valuation 4.1 Transfer Pricing Logic with Profit Center Valuation 4.1.1 Defining the Currency Type for Profit Center Accounting 4.1.2 Defining Transfer Pricing for Profit Center Valuation 4.1.3 Settings for Internal Goods Movement 4.2 Standard Cost and Profit Center Valuation 4.2.1 Defining a Costing Variant for Profit Center Valuation 4.2.2 Assigning Transfer Price Variant to the Costing Version 4.2.3 Configuring a Delta Cost Component 4.2.4 Configuring a Special Procurement Key 4.2.5 Calculating Standard Cost 4.2.6 Manually Updating the Material Cost
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4.3 Profit Center Valuation Configuration for WIP 4.4 Cross-Profit Center Purchasing 4.5 Manufacturing Orders with Profit Center Valuation 4.5.1 Material Consumption in a Different Profit Center 4.5.2 Goods Receipt in a Different Profit Center 4.6 Summary 5 Configuring Actual Costing 5.1 Material Ledger Activation for Actual Costing 5.1.1 Maintaining Number Ranges for Material Ledger Documents 5.1.2 Configuring Dynamic Price Changes 5.2 Material Update 5.2.1 Defining Movement Type Groups of the Material Ledger 5.2.2 Assigning Movement Type Groups of the Material Ledger 5.2.3 Defining the Material Update Structure 5.2.4 Assigning Material Update Structure to the Valuation Area
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5.3 Actual Costing 5.3.1 Activating Actual Costing 5.3.2 Creating User-Defined Names for Receipts/Consumption 5.3.3 Assigning User-Defined Names for Receipts/Consumption 5.3.4 Activating Actual Cost Component Split 5.3.5 Activating WIP at Actual Cost 5.4 Account Determination 5.4.1 Cost/Price Differences for the Material Ledger 5.4.2 Materials Management Exchange Rate Differences 5.4.3 Revaluation of Other Consumables 5.4.4 Accruals and Deferred Accounts for the Material Ledger 5.4.5 Activity Price Differences 5.4.6 Material Ledger Cost Center Absorption 5.4.7 WIP from Price Differences: Materials 5.4.8 WIP from Price Differences: Activity Types 5.4.9 Differences of Canceled WIP: Materials 5.4.10 Differences of Cancelled WIP: Activity Types 5.5 Summary 6 Actual Costing Run and Analysis
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6.1 Actual Costing Cockpit 6.2 Actual Costing Run 6.2.1 Setup 6.2.2 Selection 6.2.3 Preparation 6.2.4 Settlement 6.2.5 Post Closing 6.2.6 Mark Prices 6.2.7 Additional Options 6.3 Alternative Valuation Run 6.3.1 Executing the Alternative Valuation Run 6.3.2 BAdI for Alternative Valuation Run 6.4 Material Price Analysis 6.4.1 Navigating the Material Price Analysis 6.4.2 Price Determination Structure 6.4.3 Price History 6.4.4 Material Price Analysis for Old SAP ERP Data 6.4.5 Actual Cost Components 6.4.6 Valuated Quantity Structure 6.5 Activity Consumption Analysis 6.6 Value Flow Monitor 6.6.1 Not Distributed Differences 6.6.2 Not Allocated Differences 6.6.3 Using the Value Flow Monitor 6.7 General Ledger Postings Made by the Material Ledger 6.7.1 Closing Document of the Material Ledger
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6.7.2 Analyzing General Ledger Postings Made by the Material Ledger 6.8 Summary 7 Actual Costing and Peripheral Transactions 7.1 Changing Standard Cost Mid-Month 7.1.1 Restriction on Changing the Standard Cost Mid-Month in SAP ERP 7.1.2 Changing the Standard Cost Mid-Month in SAP S/4HANA 7.2 Debiting/Crediting Material 7.2.1 Debiting/Crediting a Material Directly 7.2.2 Defining Reasons for the Price Change 7.2.3 Debiting/Crediting a Material with an Alternative General Ledger Account 7.2.4 Debiting/Crediting a Material to a Specific Cost Component 7.3 Distributing Consumption Variances 7.3.1 Activating Distribution of Consumption Variances 7.3.2 Distributing Differences for Materials 7.3.3 Distributing Differences for Activities 7.4 Manually Changing Cost Components
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7.4.1 Price Difference Account for Cost Component Change 7.4.2 Changing the Cost Component 7.5 Subsequent Activation of Actual Cost Component Split 7.6 Deactivating Statistical Moving Average Price 7.7 Summary 8 Parallel Cost of Goods Manufactured 8.1 What Is Parallel Cost of Goods Manufactured? 8.2 Activating the Business Function 8.3 Maintaining the Valuation View 8.4 Defining Ledgers and Accounting Principles 8.5 Configuring Parallel Valuation 8.6 Calculating a Parallel Activity Rate 8.6.1 Calculating the Depreciation in Different Accounting Principles 8.6.2 Posting Activity Consumption to a Production Order
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8.7 Calculating with Multiple Costing Runs 8.7.1 Actual Costing Run 8.7.2 Alternative Valuation Run 8.8 Summary 9 Balance Sheet Valuation 9.1 What Is Balance Sheet Valuation? 9.2 Configuring Balance Sheet Valuation 9.2.1 Activating FIFO/LIFO Valuation 9.2.2 Defining Valuation Level 9.2.3 Defining FIFO/LIFO-Relevant Movement Types 9.2.4 Defining FIFO/LIFO Methods 9.2.5 Configuring FIFO/LIFO Valuation Areas 9.2.6 Defining LIFO Layer Versions 9.2.7 Defining Document Types for the Lowest Value Method 9.2.8 Defining Movement Types for the Lowest Value Method 9.2.9 Defining the Key Figure Scheme 9.2.10 Setting Up Valuation Alternatives 9.2.11 Defining the FIFO Variant 9.3 FIFO Valuation
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9.3.1 Creating a Purchase Order and Goods Receipt 9.3.2 Activating a FIFO Material 9.3.3 Calculating Periodic Receipt Values 9.3.4 Calculating the FIFO Price 9.4 LIFO Valuation 9.4.1 Creating Purchase Orders and Goods Receipts 9.4.2 Activating a LIFO Material 9.4.3 Calculating the LIFO Price 9.5 Lowest Value Determination 9.6 Using Balance Sheet Valuation in Actual Costing 9.7 Summary 10 The Material Ledger and Peripheral Applications 10.1 Split Valuation 10.1.1 Configuring Split Valuation 10.1.2 Creating a Material Master with Multiple Valuation Types 10.1.3 Procuring Split Valuated Materials 10.1.4 Calculating Actual Cost for Split Valuated Material
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10.2 Actual Costing for Make-to-Order Products 10.2.1 Make-to-Order Production Process 10.2.2 Calculating the Actual Cost 10.3 Daily Actual Costs 10.3.1 Creating Actual Costing Runs for Future Periods 10.3.2 Creating Variants for Actual Costing Steps 10.3.3 Creating and Sequencing Background Jobs 10.4 Exchange Rate Differences 10.4.1 Configuring the Treatment of Exchange Rate Differences 10.4.2 Purchasing a Material with Exchange Rate Differences 10.4.3 Exchange Rate Differences in the Material Price Analysis 10.5 Actual Costing across Company Codes 10.5.1 Cross-Company Scenario 10.5.2 Setting Up Actual Costing across Company Codes 10.5.3 Material Price Analysis before the Actual Costing Run 10.5.4 Material Price Analysis after the Actual Costing Run 10.6 Margin Analysis 10.6.1 COGS Account Split by Cost Components
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10.6.2 Production Variance Account Split by Variance Categories 10.7 Stock in Transit 10.7.1 Stock-in-Transit Scenarios 10.7.2 Configuring Stock in Transit for Logistics Processes 10.7.3 Configuring Stock in Transit for Accounting 10.7.4 Analyzing Stock-in-Transit Postings 10.8 Summary 11 Reporting 11.1 ABAP List Viewer Reports 11.1.1 Prices and Inventory Values 11.1.2 Materials with Largest Moving Price Differences 11.1.3 Materials with Highest Inventory Value 11.1.4 Display of WIP for Actual Costs 11.2 Drilldown Reports 11.2.1 Standard Drilldown Reports 11.2.2 Enhanced Drilldown Reports 11.3 SAP Fiori Applications 11.3.1 Trial Balance App 11.3.2 Material Inventory Values Apps 11.4 Core Data Services Views 11.5 Summary
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Whole-book reading guide from stratified index samples; jump to passages in the text
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【One-Line Pitch】
A practical, configuration-first handbook for SAP S/4HANA consultants and finance leads who must implement or operate the mandatory Material Ledger, covering everything from currency setup to actual costing runs and specialized valuation scenarios.
【Book Arc】
- **Opening (~0%–15%)**: Introduces why the Material Ledger is non-negotiable in S/4HANA and lays the foundation for configuration—currency types, ledgers, and valuation views. This stage solves the "where do I start" problem by mapping the core setup landscape.
- **Early (~15%–35%)**: Dives into parallel valuation mechanics, explaining how to configure group valuation, profit center valuation, and balance sheet valuation. This is where the book shifts from theory to actionable customization steps.
- **Middle (~35%–60%)**: Focuses on actual costing—the heart of the Material Ledger. Step-by-step guidance on running actual costing cycles, material price analysis, and account determination, with emphasis on how these processes interact in S/4HANA.
- **Late (~60%–85%)**: Covers parallel cost of goods manufactured (COGM) and balance sheet valuation in depth, including how to align these with the ledger setup from earlier chapters. This stage ties configuration to financial reporting outcomes.
- **Ending (~85%–100%)**: Explores peripheral applications—stock in transit, split valuation, make-to-order scenarios, daily actual costs, exchange rate differences, and profitability analysis—plus reporting tools to monitor material value flows. The book closes with practical monitoring and troubleshooting guidance.
【Key Takeaways】
- **Material Ledger is mandatory, not optional** (Early): In S/4HANA, the Material Ledger is a core requirement, not a bolt-on. This means every implementation must plan for its configuration from day one, not treat it as an afterthought.
- **Currency and ledger setup is the foundation** (Early): Configuring currency types, ledgers, and valuation views correctly determines everything downstream. Getting this wrong creates cascading issues in valuation and reporting.
- **Parallel valuation requires deliberate design** (Early): Group valuation, profit center valuation, and balance sheet valuation can run in parallel, but each needs specific configuration. The book walks through how to set these up without conflicts.
- **Actual costing is a multi-step process, not a single action** (Middle): Running actual costing involves preparation, execution, and post-processing—each with its own settings and checks. Material price analysis is the key tool for verifying results.
- **Account determination is where theory meets practice** (Middle): Mapping valuation results to the right accounts is critical for financial accuracy. The book provides practical guidance on configuring account determination to avoid posting errors.
- **Parallel COGM and balance sheet valuation extend the core** (Late): These processes build on the Material Ledger's parallel valuation capabilities, enabling more granular cost tracking and accurate balance sheet representation—but they require careful alignment with the base configuration.
- **Special scenarios need tailored handling** (Ending): Stock in transit, split valuation, make-to-order, and exchange rate differences each have unique Material Ledger implications. The book addresses these edge cases so you're not caught off guard.
- **Reporting is the payoff** (Ending): The Material Ledger's value is only realized when you can monitor material value flows effectively. The book covers key reports and how to use them for ongoing oversight.
【Reading Tips】
- **Skim the configuration chapters if you're a functional consultant** (Early): If you already know S/4HANA basics, focus on the currency and ledger sections for the S/4HANA-specific changes, but don't skip the valuation view setup—it's easy to miss and hard to fix later.
- **Deep-read the actual costing chapters** (Middle): This is the most complex part of the Material Ledger. Follow the step-by-step instructions with a test system open, and pay special attention to material price analysis—it's your diagnostic tool.
- **Use the peripheral applications chapter as a reference** (Ending): Don't read this linearly. Instead, jump to the scenario you're implementing (e.g., stock in transit or split valuation) when you need it. The content is modular by design.
- **Watch for S/4HANA-specific differences** (Throughout): If you're coming from ECC, note where the book highlights changes in transaction codes, processes, or configuration paths. These are the traps that slow down experienced consultants.
- **Take away the process flows, not just the steps** (Middle to Ending): The book's real value is in showing how configuration, execution, and reporting connect. Map these flows for your own implementation to build a mental model you can reuse.
【Coverage Limits】
This guide is based on the book's table of contents and promotional material; the excerpts do not include detailed chapter content, specific transaction codes, or configuration paths. For hands-on implementation details, refer directly to the book's step-by-step instructions.
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书名: Material Ledger in SAP S4HANA (Ovigele, Paul)（Z-Library） 作者: Ovigele, Paul, The Material Ledger is mandatory in SAP S/4HANA. Get it up and running smooth...
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