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  BIRMINGHAM—MUMBAI Vue. js 3 By Example Copyright © 2021 Packt Publishing All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author(s), nor Packt Publishing or its dealers and distributors, will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to have been caused directly or indirectly by this book. Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information. Publishing Product Manager: Kaustubh Manglurkar Senior Editor: Keagan Carneiro Content Development Editor: Abhishek Jadhav Technical Editor: Deepesh Patel Copy Editor: Safis Editing Project Coordinator: Manthan Patel Proofreader: Safis Editing Indexer: Vinayak Purushotham Production Designer: Roshan Kawale First published: April 2021 Production reference: 1230421 Published by Packt Publishing Ltd. Livery Place 35 Livery Street

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Birmingham B3 2PB, UK. ISBN 978-1-83882-634-5 www.packt.com Contr ibutors About the author John Au-Yeung is a frontend developer who has extensive experience with the latest frontend technologies. He has an MSc in information technology and a BSc in mathematics. He is also a part-time blogger who writes about the latest frontend development technologies. In addition, he is an author of many self-published books about JavaScript programming. He has extensive experience with Vue and React and loves working with both. JavaScript programming is his focus and is what he does every day. About the reviewer Jaime Jones is a software engineer with a passion for frontend development, mostly focused on Vue.js. She graduated from Boise State University with a degree in psychology, but then decided to turn her hobby into her career and pursued development instead. She works as a lead frontend developer at Ritter Insurance Marketing and enjoys speaking at conferences and writing blog posts to contribute to the community.

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Table of Contents Preface

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Chapter 1 : Creating Your First Application in Vue 3 Technical requirements Understanding Vue as a framework Sett ing up the Vue project with the Vue CLI and script tag Creating your Vue instance Vue 3 core features – components and buil t- in directives Components Directives Debugging with Vue.js Devtools Summary

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Chapter 2 : Bui lding a Vue 3 Progressive Web App Technical requirements Basic theory on components and PWAs Introducing the GitHub portfol io app Creating the PWA Creating the GitHub cl ient for our app Adding a display for issues and comments Lett ing users access GitHub data with a GitHub token Serving the PWA Summary

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Chapter 3 : Bui lding a Sl ider Puzzle Game with Tests Technical requirements Understanding the basics of components and mixins Sett ing up the Vue project Creating the components for shuff l ing pictures Rearranging the sl ides Calculat ing the score based on t iming Unit testing with Jest Adding a test for the Puzzles.vue component Adding a test for the Records component Adding a test for the SliderPuzzle component Running al l the tests Summary

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Chapter 4 : Bui lding a Photo Management Desktop App Technical requirements Understanding components Understanding Vue CLI Plugin Electron Builder Creating a project with Vue CLI Plugin Electron Builder Adding a photo submission UI Adding a photo display Adding routing to the Photo Manager app Using our app with photo management APIs Summary

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Chapter 5 : Bui lding a Mult ipurpose Calculator Mobile App with Ionic Technical requirements Introducing Ionic Vue Understanding the Composit ion API Understanding TypeScript Creating our Ionic Vue mobile app project Using Capacitor and Genymotion Instal l ing the packages for our project Adding the calculators to our calculator app Adding routes Adding the currency converter page Adding the script tag Working on the setup method Working on the calculate method Adding the Tips calculator Adding the Home page Creating the Vuex store Summary

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Chapter 6 : Bui lding a Vacation Booking App with the PrimeVue UI Framework Technical requirements Understanding PrimeVue Understanding Vee-Validate and Yup Understanding Express Connecting the frontend and the backend Creating the vacation booking project Creating the backend Creating the admin frontend Creating the user frontend Summary

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Chapter 7 : Creating a Shopping Cart System with GraphQL Technical requirements Introducing the GraphQL API Sett ing up the shopping cart system project Creating a GraphQL API with Express Working with resolver functions Creating the admin frontend Working with components Adding the login logic and making our f irst GraphQL request Creating the orders page Adding and removing shop items for sale Creating the customer frontend Creating the plugins folder Creating the order form page Summary

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Chapter 8 : Bui lding a Chat App with Vue 3, Laravel, and Socket.IO Technical requirements Creating the API endpoints with Laravel Instal l ing the required l ibraries Creating databases and migration f i les Running the migration f i les Creating our application logic Exposing control ler methods for endpoints Sett ing up JWT authentication Configuring our authentication Enabling cross-domain communication Adding real-t ime communication Communication with Socket.IO Creating the frontend to let users chat Instal l ing the Vue dependencies Creating our components Creating the login page Summary Why subscribe? Other Books You May Enjoy Packt is searching for authors l ike you Leave a review - let other readers know what you think

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Preface Vue is one of the leading frameworks with a huge ecosystem and increasing adoption due to its ease of use when developing applications and the fact that it can help you achieve impressive results during development quickly. This book explores the latest Vue version – Vue 3.0 – and how you can leverage it effectively. You'll learn with the help of an example-based approach, starting with exploring the basics of Vue 3 by creating a simple application and looking at features such as components, directives, and their usage. To build your knowledge and enable you to have confidence in your app-building skills, the book will show you how to test that app with Jest and Vue Test Utils. Later, you'll learn how to write non-web apps with Vue 3 and create cross-platform desktop apps with the Electron plugin. You'll also learn how to create a multi-purpose mobile app with Vue and Ionic. As you progress, you'll learn how to develop web apps with Vue 3 that interact well with GraphQL APIs. Finally, you'll build a real- time chat app that performs real-time communication using Vue 3 and Laravel. By the end of this book, you'll have developed the real-world skills you need by working through a range of app-building projects using Vue 3.

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Who this book is for This book is for web developers who are interested in learning frontend web development with Vue 3 and creating professional applications using it. You will also find this book useful if you want to learn how to create full-stack web apps with Vue.js 3.0 as the frontend. Prior knowledge of basic JavaScript programming is required to get the most out of this book.

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What th is book covers Chapter 1, Creating Your First Application in Vue 3, will look at how to use Vue 3 to create simple apps. You will start by building the most basic apps and then move on to building more complex solutions. Chapter 2, Building a Vue 3 Progressive Web App, will teach you how to create a GitHub Progressive Web App (PWA) with Vue 3. As you build the project, you will examine the inner workings of Vue apps by looking at the basic building blocks in depth. You will create Vue apps with components and will look at the parts that make up a component and how they work. Chapter 3, Building a Slider Puzzle Game with Tests, will introduce you to Vue by having you create a simple game with Vue 3. You will learn how to use different methods, mixins, directives, and computed properties to be added to the project. Chapter 4, Building a Photo Management Desktop App, will help you build a photo management desktop app with the Vue Electron plugin. You will learn how to build cross-platform desktop apps easily with Electron and Vue. Chapter 5, Building a Multipurpose Calculator Mobile App with Ionic, will see you create a multi- purpose calculator mobile app with NativeScript. You will use Vuex to manage the state and save results data so that you can use it later in local storage. Finally, you will master currency conversions, unit conversions, and tips calculations. Chapter 6, Building a Vacation Booking App with the PrimeVue UI Framework, will teach you how to create a travel booking app with admin functionality. The admin side will be a dashboard for users to manage bookings. It will involve using state management and routing to create a full-fledged app. The backend will be simple so that you can focus more on Vue. State management with Vuex and routing with Vue Router will also be required. Chapter 7, Creating a Shopping Cart System with GraphQL, will help you create a Vue 3 app and use it with GraphQL APIs. You will learn how to use a GraphQL client within our Vue 3 app. The API will have queries, mutations, and database interactions, and you will learn how to create a GraphQL API with Express. Chapter 8, Building a Chat App with Vue 3, Laravel, and Socket.IO, will teach you how to create a chat app with Vue 3, socket.io, and Laravel. This app will make HTTP requests and have real-time communication. It can be used by multiple users.

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To get the most out of th is book To get the most out of this book, you should know the basics of modern JavaScript. Knowing how to program with JavaScript features introduced from 2015 onward would make understanding this book much easier. Basic TypeScript concepts, such as defining interfaces and advanced data types, will be used in Chapter 5, Building a Multipurpose Calculator Mobile App with Ionic. Also, Chapter 8, Building a Chat App with Vue 3, Laravel, and Socket.IO, covers Laravel, which requires a basic understanding of PHP. The backend portions of the more advanced projects also require understanding very basic SQL syntax. Commands such as Select, Insert, and Create table will be helpful. The other things required are the latest versions of Node.js and Visual Studio Code. Visual Studio Code supports JavaScript and TypeScript development out of the box. Node.js is required to run Vue CLI and Ionic CLI. After reading this book, you should try to practice more by creating your own projects. This way, you will utilize the knowledge that you gained from this book. Learning from tutorials is only a start; creating projects on your own will make you proficient. If you are using the digital version of this book, we advise you to type the code yourself or access the code via the GitHub repository (link available in the next section). Doing so will help you avoid any potential errors related to the copying and pasting of code. Download the example code f i les You can download the example code files for this book from your account at www.packt.com. If you purchased this book elsewhere, you can visit www.packtpub.com/support and register to have the files emailed directly to you. You can download the code files by following these steps: 1. Log in or register at www.packt.com.

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2. Select the Support tab. 3. Click on Code Downloads. 4. Enter the name of the book in the Search box and follow the onscreen instructions. Once the file is downloaded, please make sure that you unzip or extract the folder using the latest version of: WinRAR/7-Zip for Windows Zipeg/iZip/UnRarX for Mac 7-Zip/PeaZip for Linux The code bundle for the book is also hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/PacktPublishing/-Vue.js- 3-By-Example. In case there's an update to the code, it will be updated on the existing GitHub repository. We also have other code bundles from our rich catalog of books and videos available at https://github.com/PacktPublishing/. Check them out! Convent ions used There are a number of text conventions used throughout this book. Code in text: Indicates code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles. Here is an example: "Mount the downloaded WebStorm-10*.dmg disk image file as another disk in your system." A block of code is set as follows: html, body, #map { height: 100%; margin: 0; padding: 0 } When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code block, the relevant lines or items are set in bold: [default] exten => s,1,Dial(Zap/1|30) exten => s,2,Voicemail(u100) exten => s,102,Voicemail(b100) exten => i,1,Voicemail(s0)

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Any command-line input or output is written as follows: $ mkdir css $ cd css Bold: Indicates a new term, an important word, or words that you see onscreen. For example, words in menus or dialog boxes appear in the text like this. Here is an example: "Select System info from the Administration panel." TIPS OR IMPORTANT NOTES Appear like this. Get in touch Feedback from our readers is always welcome. General feedback: If you have questions about any aspect of this book, mention the book title in the subject of your message and email us at customercare@packtpub.com. Errata: Although we have taken every care to ensure the accuracy of our content, mistakes do happen. If you have found a mistake in this book, we would be grateful if you would report this to us. Please visit www.packtpub.com/support/errata, selecting your book, clicking on the Errata Submission Form link, and entering the details. Piracy: If you come across any illegal copies of our works in any form on the Internet, we would be grateful if you would provide us with the location address or website name. Please contact us at copyright@packt.com with a link to the material. If you are interested in becoming an author: If there is a topic that you have expertise in and you are interested in either writing or contributing to a book, please visit authors.packtpub.com. Reviews Please leave a review. Once you have read and used this book, why not leave a review on the site that you purchased it from? Potential readers can then see and use your unbiased opinion to make purchase decisions, we at Packt can understand what you think about our products, and our authors can see your feedback on their book. Thank you! For more information about Packt, please visit packt.com.

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Chapter 1 : Creat ing Your First Appl icat ion in Vue 3 Vue 3 is the latest version of the popular Vue.js framework. It is focused on improving developer experience and speed. It is a component-based framework that lets us create modular, testable apps with ease. It includes concepts that are common to other frameworks such as props, transitions, event handling, templates, directives, data binding, and more. The main goal of this chapter is to get you started with developing your first Vue app. This chapter is focused on how to create components. In this chapter, we will look at how to use Vue 3 to create simple apps from scratch. We will start by building the most basic apps and then move on to building more complex solutions in the next few chapters. The major topics we will cover are as follows: Understanding Vue as a framework Setting up the Vue project Vue 3 core features – components and built-in directives Debugging with Vue.js Devtools Technical requirements The code for this chapter is located at https://github.com/PacktPublishing/-Vue.js-3-By- Example/tree/master/Chapter01. Understanding Vue as a f ramework As we mentioned in the introduction, there are concepts in Vue that are available from other frameworks. Directives manipulate the Document Object Model (DOM) just like in Angular.js and Angular. Templates render data like we do with Angular. It also has its own special syntax for data binding and adding directives. Angular and React both have props that pass data between components. We can also loop through array and object entries to display items from lists. Also, like Angular, we can add plugins to a Vue project to extend its functionality.

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Concepts that are exclusive to Vue.js include computed properties, which are component properties that are derived from other properties. Also, Vue components have watchers that let us watch for reactive data changes. Reactive data is data that is watched by Vue.js and actions are done automatically when reactive data changes. As reactive data changes, other parts of a component and other components that reference those values are all updated automatically. This is the magic of Vue. It is one of the reasons that we can do so much with so little code. It takes care of the task of watching for data changes for us, so that we don't have to do that. Another unique feature of Vue 3 is that we can add the framework and its libraries with script tags. This means that if we have a legacy frontend, we can still use Vue 3 and its libraries to enhance legacy frontends. Also, we don't need to add build tools to build our app. This is a great feature that isn't available with most other popular frameworks. There's also the popular Vue Router library for routing, and the Vuex library for state management. They have all been updated to be compatible with Vue 3, so we can use them safely. This way, we don't have to worry about which router and state management library to use as we do with other frameworks such as React. Angular comes with its own routes, but no standard state management library has been designated. Sett ing up the Vue project wi th the Vue CLI and scr ipt tag There are several ways to create Vue projects or to add script tags to our existing frontends. For prototyping or learning purposes, we can add the latest version of Vue 3 by adding the following code: <script src="https://unpkg.com/vue@next"></script> This will always include the latest version of Vue in our app. If we use it in production, we should include the version number to avoid unexpected changes from newer versions breaking our app. The version number can replace the next word if we want to specify the version. We can also install Vue by installing it as a package. To do that, we can run the following command: npm install vue@next This will install the latest version of Vue in our JavaScript project. If we created a Vue project from scratch with an older version of the Vue CLI, then we can use the CLI to generate all the files and install all the packages for us. This is the easiest way to get started

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