The Art of Decoding Microservices An In-Depth Exploration of Modern Software Architecture (Sumit Bhatnagar, Roshan Mahant) (Z-Library)

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The Art of Decoding Microservices An In-Depth Exploration of Modern Software Architecture — Sumit Bhatnagar Roshan Mahant

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The Art of Decoding Microservices An In-Depth Exploration of Modern Software Architecture Sumit Bhatnagar Roshan Mahant

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The Art of Decoding Microservices: An In-Depth Exploration of Modern Software Architecture ISBN-13 (pbk): 979-8-8688-1266-8 ISBN-13 (electronic): 979-8-8688-1267-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/979-8-8688-1267-5 Copyright © 2025 by Sumit Bhatnagar and Roshan Mahant This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Trademarked names, logos, and images may appear in this book. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every occurrence of a trademarked name, logo, or image we use the names, logos, and images only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Managing Director, Apress Media LLC: Welmoed Spahr Acquisitions Editor: Melissa Duffy Development Editor: Laura Berendson Coordinating Editor: Gryffin Winkler Cover designed by eStudioCalamar Distributed to the book trade worldwide by Apress Media, LLC, 1 New York Plaza, New York, NY 10004, U.S.A. Phone 1-800-SPRINGER, fax (201) 348-4505, e-mail orders-ny@springer-sbm.com, or visit www.springeronline.com. Apress Media, LLC is a California LLC and the sole member (owner) is Springer Science + Business Media Finance Inc (SSBM Finance Inc). SSBM Finance Inc is a Delaware corporation. For information on translations, please e-mail booktranslations@springernature.com; for reprint, paperback, or audio rights, please e-mail bookpermissions@springernature.com. Apress titles may be purchased in bulk for academic, corporate, or promotional use. eBook versions and licenses are also available for most titles. For more information, reference our Print and eBook Bulk Sales web page at http://www.apress.com/bulk-sales. Any source code or other supplementary material referenced by the author in this book is available to readers on GitHub (https://github.com/Apress). For more detailed information, please visit https://www.apress.com/gp/services/source-code. If disposing of this product, please recycle the paper Sumit Bhatnagar Edison, NJ, USA Roshan Mahant Richardson, TX, USA

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xiii About the Authors Sumit Bhatnagar has nearly two decades of hands-on experience in the IT industry, serving as a visionary leader and a respected authority in the realm of modern software architecture. Specializing in J2EE, microservices, and cloud- based applications, Sumit has a proven track record of delivering cutting-edge solutions in the financial domain. An accomplished project leader, Sumit combines deep technical expertise with strategic insight, seamlessly bridging the gap between innovation and implementation. His contributions to the industry have earned him prestigious accolades at a global platform. As a distinguished member of the Forbes Technology Council and IEEE, Sumit is at the forefront of technological advancement, continually shaping the future of software development. His extensive portfolio of published research papers and thought leadership in renowned journals underscores his commitment to pushing the boundaries of what’s possible. In The Art of Decoding Microservices: An In-Depth Exploration of Modern Software Architecture, Sumit leverages his vast experience and deep understanding to provide readers with a comprehensive guide to mastering microservices. Whether you’re a seasoned developer or an aspiring architect, this book is your gateway to understanding and implementing robust, scalable, and resilient software solutions.

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xiv Roshan Mahant is a seasoned expert in strategizing and designing IT solutions, with a strong emphasis on successful execution. As a Senior Technical Consultant at Launch IT Corp, he specializes in e-governance platform enhancements, particularly in public sector IT modernization using the microservices architecture, and the Amanda e-governance licensing platform. Over his 15-year career, Roshan has mastered holistic analysis, systems integration, architecture design, and strategic consulting, enabling the transformation of critical governance functions across various state agencies. His work has significantly impacted several government boards, including the Iowa Board of Nursing and the Michigan Gaming Control Board. Before joining Launch IT Corp, Roshan served as the Director of Access Technologies, where he developed innovative mentoring techniques and software products. With a master’s degree in CAD/CAM from Nagpur University, Roshan continues to contribute to the field through research papers, conference reviews, and technical book critiques, earning him various esteemed memberships and awards. abouT The auThors

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xv Andres Sacco has been working as a developer since 2007 in different languages, including Java, PHP, Node.js, Scala, and Kotlin. His background is mostly in Java and the libraries or frameworks associated with this language. In most of the companies he worked for, he researched new technologies to improve the performance, stability, and quality of the applications of each company. Recently, he published a book on Apress about the latest version of Scala. He also published a set of theoretical-practical projects about uncommon testing methods, such as architecture tests and chaos engineering. About the Technical Reviewer

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xvii Acknowledgments Writing this book has been a journey filled with hard work, learning, and inspiration, and it wouldn’t have been possible without the incredible support and encouragement I’ve received along the way from my family and friends. To my son, Aaren—this book is dedicated to you. Your curiosity, resilience, and boundless enthusiasm are my greatest motivation. May you always explore the world with a sense of wonder and creativity, finding your own path just as I have found mine. Finally, to every reader of this book: may it serve as a stepping stone in your journey through the world of microservices. Here’s to the continuous pursuit of knowledge and growth. —Sumit This book is a culmination of countless hours of dedication, exploration, and passion for the world of microservices. I am deeply grateful to all those who have contributed to my journey and to the development of this work. This book is dedicated to my beloved son, Ved. Your bright spirit, determination, and joyful energy inspire me every day. May you follow your dreams with the same passion and commitment that brought this book to life. I am also immensely grateful to my family and friends whose patience and support have been unwavering throughout this journey. Thank you all for helping make this book a reality. —Roshan

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xix Introduction Purpose of the Book Are you getting started with software development and architecture and feeling overwhelmed by the microservices landscape—or maybe you have been developing software for years and want to improve your understanding of the world of microservices? This book is for you. Whether you are looking for an introduction or are already knee-deep in this landscape, The Art of Decoding Microservices: An In-Depth Exploration of Modern Software Architecture cuts through the jargon and complexity to provide a comprehensive introduction to microservices that you can understand and apply. The aim is to educate developers, architects, DevOps engineers, and IT leaders about how to develop and build microservices—whether it’s a greenfield project or a renovation of an existing system. We’ll teach you the basics, dive into advanced patterns, and point out common failures so you can avoid the headaches. Underpinning the book is the belief that microservices are more than a mere technical wave: they are business enablers, allowing you to be more agile, more scalable, and better equipped for digital transformation. You’ll certainly come away with insight into best practice, but also confidence in your ability to make better decisions, to innovate, and to manage in this ever-changing world of software. Designed to be your trusted companion, this book is theory-rich and chock-full of hands-on examples of how to design and build systems. Whether you’re a novice microservices player looking to learn the ropes or an experienced systems professional seeking to tune your systems, you’ll find a host of tools and practical guidance to help you achieve your architectural goals… and maybe even have some fun along the way.

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xx Who Should Read This Book? If you’re involved in software development and architecture and need to cut through the buzz, The Art of Decoding Microservices: An In-Depth Exploration of Modern Software Architecture is the book you’ve been looking for. It’s both a beginner’s guide and a Swiss Army knife, a handy reference for those making their first foray into microservices as well as a refreshing and clear text for those who have been around the block a couple of times already. From novice to microservices seasoned veteran, there is something for everyone in this book. Newcomers will benefit from an accessible, jargon- free introduction to microservices, while seasoned practitioners will find advanced patterns and tools that take their systems to the next level. You’ll learn how to build scalable, resilient, and maintainable systems, based on real-world examples and case studies. You’ll learn the nitty-gritty of CI/CD pipelines, container orchestration, and service monitoring, so you have a playbook for keeping microservices running. You’ll also receive both strategic advice and practical tips for going from monolith to microservices, so you’ll be better prepared to tackle your own migration. This book bridges the gap between theory and practice, providing a wealth of information for study and innovation. You will be equipped to assess the technical and business pros and cons of adopting microservices so you can make the right decisions for your organization and its future. Whether you’re in the trenches of code, leading a team, or making strategic decisions about your company’s tech stack, The Art of Decoding Microservices will help you gain the knowledge you need to succeed in this fast-paced world of software development. It’s helpful to have a basic understanding of software development and architecture before jumping into the deep end—but don’t worry; we’ll take you from novice to ninja in no time. Enjoy! InTroduCTIon

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xxi What You Will Learn In this book, you will learn: What are microservices? And why should you care? The first few chapters of this book answer those questions and more, explaining what exactly a microservice is, how it differs from a monolithic architecture, and why adopting this style of software design can bring tremendous value to your organization. Designing Microservices: You’ll learn important design principles for microservices, including how to decompose a monolith into microservices and how to design for failure. Microservices Communication: Learn about the various “speaking styles” of a microservices architecture, such as the difference between synchronous and asynchronous communication and when to use each. Deployment and Scaling: What is containerization? How can we orchestrate applications with packages such as Kubernetes? How can we scale microservices for more load? Security and Monitoring: How to secure your microservices in a distributed system, and how to monitor the health of your system and the performance of your services. InTroduCTIon

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xxii Case Studies: Real-world examples of businesses that made the move to a microservices architecture, what the problems were, and how they dealt with them. Best Practices and Antipatterns: The book ends with a chapter on best practices and antipatterns you should have in mind when working with microservices. By the end of the book, the reader will have a solid understanding of microservices architecture and will be ready to apply these ideas to design, build, and run highly scalable, resilient, and efficient microservices-based systems. How to Use This Book Following along with the text, this book will take you on a tour of microservices, from the foundations of the architecture to its most complex twists and turns. Whether you’re getting started with microservices or are already a veteran, here’s how to get the most out of this book. Start at the Beginning for a Complete Understanding: If you’re just beginning with microservices, please start at Chapter 1. No skipping ahead. Each chapter follows on from the previous one, in a natural progression that will ease your way into the more difficult material later on. But Don’t Miss the Big Picture: The book is designed to walk you through from basics to more advanced topics. You don’t build a house by starting with the roof. As you progress through the logical flow, you’ll build the foundation before you venture into the deep waters of microservices. InTroduCTIon