Terraform Cookbook (for True Epub) (Kerim Satirli Taylor Dolezal) (Z-Library)

📄 File Format: PDF

💾 File Size: 5.4 MB

📖 Read Online ⬇️ Download

Registered users can read the full content for free

Register as a Gaohf Library member to read the complete e-book online for free and enjoy a better reading experience.

📄 Page 1

(This page has no text content)

📄 Page 2

Terraform Cookbook Recipes for Codifying Infrastructure Kerim Satirli and Taylor Dolezal

📄 Page 3

Terraform Cookbook by Kerim Satirli and Taylor Dolezal Copyright © 2025 Hello, Operator BV and Taylor Dolezal. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Published by O’Reilly Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472. O’Reilly books may be purchased for educational, business, or sales promotional use. Online editions are also available for most titles (http://oreilly.com). For more information, contact our corporate/institutional sales department: 800-998-9938 or corporate@oreilly.com. Acquisition Editor: John Devins Development Editor: Michele Cronin Production Editor: Beth Kelly Copyeditor: nSight, Inc. Proofreader: Emily Wydeven Indexer: BIM Creatives, LLC

📄 Page 4

Interior Designer: David Futato Cover Designer: Karen Montgomery Illustrator: Kate Dullea October 2024: First Edition Revision History for the First Edition 2024-10-03: First Release See http://oreilly.com/catalog/errata.csp?isbn=9781098108465 for release details. The O’Reilly logo is a registered trademark of O’Reilly Media, Inc. Terraform Cookbook, the cover image, and related trade dress are trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc. The views expressed in this work are those of the authors, and do not represent the publisher’s views. While the publisher and the authors have used good faith efforts to ensure that the information and instructions contained in this work are accurate, the publisher and the authors disclaim all responsibility for errors or omissions, including without limitation responsibility for damages resulting from the use of

📄 Page 5

or reliance on this work. Use of the information and instructions contained in this work is at your own risk. If any code samples or other technology this work contains or describes is subject to open source licenses or the intellectual property rights of others, it is your responsibility to ensure that your use thereof complies with such licenses and/or rights. 978-1-098-10846-5 [LSI]

📄 Page 6

Preface In the not-so-distant past, managing IT infrastructure was a Herculean task. System administrators juggled a dizzying array of manual processes, custom scripts, and vendor-specific tools while keeping systems running smoothly. It was an era marked by configuration drift, unexpected downtime, and the constant fear of “What if the person who set this up leaves?” Enter the age of DevOps and infrastructure as code (IaC). This revolution gave us powerful tools to define, deploy, and manage infrastructure programmatically. At the forefront of this transformation stands HashiCorp Terraform, the most commonly used IaC tool. With Terraform, you can describe your entire infrastructure using a declarative language. Terraform enables you to version, review, and evolve your infrastructure like any other codebase, from servers to databases to load balancers to DNS records–if there’s an API for it, Terraform’s vast provider ecosystem will (very likely!) be able to support it. Instead of clicking through cloud provider consoles or writing provider-specific scripts, you can use a unified workflow across multiple clouds and services.

📄 Page 7

This cookbook is your guide to harnessing the full power of Terraform, from foundational concepts to advanced techniques and real-world applications. Who Should Read This Book This book is for anyone responsible for creating, managing, or improving infrastructure. That includes DevOps engineers, site reliability engineers, infrastructure developers, system administrators, and even ambitious developers looking to broaden their skills. If you’ve ever had to provision a server, configure a load balancer, or lose sleep over a 3 A.M. production issue, this book is for you. We don’t assume you’re already an expert in infrastructure or coding. A basic familiarity with cloud concepts and comfort with the command line should suffice. Everything else you need, you’ll learn along the way. Why We Wrote This Book As long-time practitioners and advocates of infrastructure as code, we’ve seen the transformative power of Terraform

📄 Page 8

firsthand. But we’ve also experienced its learning curve and the challenges of applying it to real-world scenarios. While the official Terraform documentation is excellent for reference, there was a clear need for a practical, recipe-based approach to learning and applying Terraform. We wanted to create a resource that not only explains the “how” but also the “why” and “when” of using Terraform effectively. This book is the result of our combined years of experience, distilled into practical, actionable recipes. It’s the book we wish we had when we started our Terraform journey. What You Will Find in This Book Here’s a brief overview of what you’ll find in each chapter: Chapter 1 gets you started with Terraform, covering installation, basic concepts, and your first deployments. Chapters 2 and 3 dive deeper into Terraform syntax, functions, and best practices for writing clean, efficient code. Chapter 4 explores Terraform modules and providers, teaching you how to create reusable, scalable infrastructure components.

📄 Page 9

Chapter 5 shows how to manage containers with Terraform, including deployments to Kubernetes and other orchestration platforms. Chapter 6 covers HCP Terraform Cloud and Enterprise, helping you understand how to use Terraform in a team setting with enhanced collaboration and governance features. Chapter 7 tackles the crucial topic of secret management in Terraform, ensuring your sensitive data remains secure. Chapters 8 and 9 delve into advanced Terraform techniques, including configuration management and complex deployment strategies. Finally, Chapter 10 combines real-world use cases, demonstrating how to apply everything you’ve learned to solve practical infrastructure challenges. What You Won’t Find in This Book This book is definitely not a reference manual for every Terraform resource or provider. For those details, we recommend the official Terraform documentation. Instead, we focus on practical applications, best practices, and real-world scenarios that will help you become proficient with Terraform.

📄 Page 10

We’ve tried to make the examples as accessible as possible, primarily using AWS due to its popularity and free tier offerings. However, the principles and techniques you’ll learn apply to cloud providers and services. Conventions Used in This Book The following typographical conventions are used in this book: Italic Indicates new terms, URLs, email addresses, filenames, and file extensions. Constant width Used for program listings, as well as within paragraphs to refer to program elements such as variable or function names, databases, data types, environment variables, statements, and keywords. Constant width bold Shows commands or other text that should be typed literally by the user. Constant width italic

📄 Page 11

Shows text that should be replaced with user-supplied values or by values determined by context. NOTE This element signifies a general note. WARNING This element indicates a warning or caution. Using Code Examples Supplemental material (code examples, exercises, etc.) is available for download at http://github.com/terraform- cookbook/recipes. We encourage you to clone this repository and follow along with the examples as you read: git clone http://github.com/terraform-cookbook/re The code examples are organized by chapter, making it easy to find the relevant code for each recipe. Note that some lines of code in the book are formatted to fit the page and might include

📄 Page 12

lines breaks. You can find the correctly formatted code in the GitHub repository. If you have a technical question or a problem using the code examples, please send email to support@oreilly.com. This book is here to help you get your job done. In general, if example code is offered with this book, you may use it in your programs and documentation. You do not need to contact us for permission unless you’re reproducing a significant portion of the code. For example, writing a program that uses several chunks of code from this book does not require permission. Selling or distributing examples from O’Reilly books does require permission. Answering a question by citing this book and quoting example code does not require permission. Incorporating a significant amount of example code from this book into your product’s documentation does require permission. We appreciate, but generally do not require, attribution. An attribution usually includes the title, author, publisher, and ISBN. For example: “Terraform Cookbook by Kerim Satirli and Taylor Dolezal (O’Reilly). Copyright 2025 Hello, Operator BV and Taylor Dolezal, 978-1-098-10846-5.”

📄 Page 13

If you feel your use of code examples falls outside fair use or the permission given above, feel free to contact us at permissions@oreilly.com. We hope this book serves as your trusty guide in the exciting world of infrastructure as code with Terraform. May your infrastructure always be in the desired state, your deployments be swift and sure, and your “terraform apply” never need a prayer to the demo gods. Remember, in the world of Terraform, it’s not “to err is human.” To err is a great opportunity to test your rollback strategy. Now go forth and terraform apply responsibly! O’Reilly Online Learning NOTE For more than 40 years, O’Reilly Media has provided technology and business training, knowledge, and insight to help companies succeed. Our unique network of experts and innovators share their knowledge and expertise through books, articles, and our online learning platform. O’Reilly’s online learning platform gives you on-demand access to live training courses, in-depth

📄 Page 14

learning paths, interactive coding environments, and a vast collection of text and video from O’Reilly and 200+ other publishers. For more information, visit https://oreilly.com. How to Contact Us Please address comments and questions concerning this book to the publisher: O’Reilly Media, Inc. 1005 Gravenstein Highway North Sebastopol, CA 95472 800-889-8969 (in the United States or Canada) 707-827-7019 (international or local) 707-829-0104 (fax) support@oreilly.com https://oreilly.com/about/contact.html We have a web page for this book, where we list errata, examples, and any additional information. You can access this page at https://oreil.ly/terraform-cookbook.

📄 Page 15

For news and information about our books and courses, visit https://oreilly.com. Find us on LinkedIn: https://linkedin.com/company/oreilly-media Watch us on YouTube: https://youtube.com/oreillymedia Acknowledgments We want to express our heartfelt gratitude directly to the many individuals and groups who have contributed to the creation of this book. Your efforts have not gone unnoticed. First and foremost, we extend our thanks to the incredible team at O’Reilly Media. Special recognition goes to Michele Cronin for her invaluable guidance and support throughout this project. We are also grateful to Beth Kelly for her expertise and to John Devins for his assistance. Your collective efforts have significantly enhanced the quality and presentation of this book. We thank our reviewers Rosemary Wang, Chris Devers, Werner Dijkerman, Adam McPartlan, Jess Males, Ben Muschko, and Vishwesh Shrimali. Your insightful feedback and suggestions

📄 Page 16

have been instrumental in refining and improving the content of this book. Your expertise and time are greatly appreciated. Last but certainly not least, we want to acknowledge the vibrant Terraform community. This book, like Terraform itself, owes its existence to the collective knowledge, creativity, and passion of countless individuals. Your significant contributions, whether through code, documentation, or shared experiences, have not only shaped this book but the entire Terraform ecosystem. We are all better because of this community’s collaborative spirit and dedication. To everyone who has been a part of this journey, whether mentioned here by name or not, thank you. Your support, encouragement, and expertise have made Terraform Cookbook possible.

📄 Page 17

Chapter 1. Getting Started with Terraform Terraform is a source-available tool created by HashiCorp that allows you to manage your infrastructure as code (IaC). It provides a simple and consistent way to define, provision, and manage resources across cloud platforms and on-premises environments. With Terraform, you can describe your infrastructure in a declarative language called the HashiCorp configuration language (HCL). This allows you to specify the desired state of your infrastructure rather than having to script the steps to get there. Terraform then applies this configuration to create, modify, or delete resources as necessary to achieve the desired state. The real power of Terraform is in its ability to manage complex infrastructure. You can create reusable modules that can be shared and applied to different projects, making it easy to maintain consistency across multiple environments. Additionally, Terraform’s state management system ensures that the current state of your infrastructure is tracked and can be used to update, destroy, or re-create resources as needed.

📄 Page 18

One of the significant benefits of using Terraform is its support for a wide range of cloud providers, such as Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud Platform (GCP), and Microsoft Azure. This allows you to manage your infrastructure across different providers, avoiding vendor lock-in and providing greater flexibility. Terraform is widely used for cloud infrastructure and supports many noncloud-specific providers, such as Kubernetes, GitLab, and PostgreSQL. Its capabilities extend beyond cloud deployments to support hybrid and on- premises environments, including bare-metal hardware servers. Terraform is a powerful tool for reducing the friction around managing IaC, deploying, maintaining, and scaling your applications. With Terraform, you can describe your infrastructure using a simple and consistent language, reuse modules, and manage resources across different providers. This book is for infrastructure engineers, DevOps professionals, and cloud architects who want to learn how to effectively manage infrastructure as code using Terraform. Whether you’re new to infrastructure as code or looking to improve your Terraform skills, this book will walk you through practical examples and best practices to help you confidently deploy and manage infrastructure across different environments.

📄 Page 19

It’s important to note that in August 2023, HashiCorp changed Terraform’s license from the Mozilla Public License (MPL) to the Business Source License (BSL). This change sparked significant discussion in the open source community and led to the creation of OpenTofu, an open source fork of Terraform that remains under the MPL. The BSL allows for most open source use cases but restricts using Terraform as a competing product or service. While this book focuses on HashiCorp’s Terraform, we have written our examples, concepts, and practices to work with OpenTofu as well. Users should be aware of these licensing changes and consider their implications when choosing between Terraform and OpenTofu for their projects. 1.1 When to Use Terraform Terraform is an excellent choice when managing complex infrastructure composed of many resources. It’s beneficial when managing infrastructure that spans multiple cloud providers or on-premises environments. Here are some examples of when to use Terraform: Managing multiple environments Terraform excels at managing multiple environments, such as development, staging, and production. With

📄 Page 20

Terraform, you can define your infrastructure as code, making it easy to deploy and manage across environments. Managing complex infrastructure Terraform is particularly useful for managing complex infrastructure composed of many resources. With Terraform, you can define your infrastructure in a declarative language, creating, modifying, and deleting resources. Managing infrastructure across cloud providers Terraform is an excellent choice for managing infrastructure across different cloud providers. With Terraform, you can consistently define your infrastructure, regardless of your cloud provider. Automating infrastructure deployment Terraform is an excellent choice for automating infrastructure deployment. With Terraform, you can define your infrastructure as code and use automation tools, such as CI/CD pipelines, to deploy your infrastructure automatically.