Microservices Design Patterns with Java 70+ patterns for designing, building, and deploying microservices (Sergey Seroukhov) (z-library.sk, 1lib.sk, z-lib.sk)

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Microservices Design Patterns with Java 70+ patterns for designing, building, and deploying microservices Sergey Seroukhov www.bpbonline.com

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First Edition 2024 Copyright © BPB Publications, India ISBN: 978-93-55517-005 All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed or transmitted in any form or by any means or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher with the exception to the program listings which may be entered, stored and executed in a computer system, but they can not be reproduced by the means of publication, photocopy, recording, or by any electronic and mechanical means. LIMITS OF LIABILITY AND DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY The information contained in this book is true to correct and the best of author’s and publisher’s knowledge. The author has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of these publications, but publisher cannot be held responsible for any loss or damage arising from any information in this book. All trademarks referred to in the book are acknowledged as properties of their respective owners but BPB Publications cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information. www.bpbonline.com

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Dedicated to My parents Anatoly and Ludmila my wife Natalya, and kids Michael and Alexandra

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About the Author Sergey Seroukhov, a passionate Technology Evangelist, resides in Tucson, AZ, with his wife Natalya and two children, Michael and Alexandra. He is the visionary founder of Enterprise Innovation Consulting, a boutique consulting firm that empowers development teams to embrace modern development methods, enhance productivity, reduce costs, accelerate time to market, and foster innovation. Enterprise Innovation Consulting(https://www.entinco.com/) was founded in 2016, driven by the dream of helping software teams build more and better software faster. With his group of talented engineers, Sergey assisted multiple organizations in developing complex enterprise systems utilizing microservices, microfrontends, and DevOps. Moving the business to the next level, Enterprise Innovation Consulting, under Sergey’s leadership, created several programs called “Better Microservices (https://www.entinco.com/programs/better-microservices),” “Better Microfrontends (https://www.entinco.com/programs/better-microfrontends),” “Better Delivery (https://www.entinco.com/programs/better- delivery),” and “Better Testing (https://www.entinco.com/programs/better-testing)” that aimed at drastically improving development productivity through standardization of architecture and implementation of development patterns and practices. Moreover, all those programs represented the 1st step toward the “Software Factory”, a new development model that brings a step- change in productivity and cost reduction through

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standardization, deeper specialization of labor, and conveyor-like development processes. Emerging Generative AI combined with the Software Factory (https://www.entinco.com/programs/software-factory) model represents a perfect fit, allowing the systematic and incremental increase of automation in software development until it finally reaches the “Light-off Factory” state when most of the software is generated automatically. The world is not there yet, but the work of visionaries like Sergey Seroukhov and companies like Enterprise Innovation Consulting are making that future come sooner. Sergey's journey in coding began at the age of 14, and he implemented his first commercial software product using dBase around 1991, even before graduating from high school. After completing his master's degree at Donetsk State Technical University in 2001, he embarked on a new chapter in the United States with his wife, Natalya. Over the next two decades, Sergey honed his skills, working as a Software Developer, Team Lead, Solution Architect, and eventually as a CTO in several startups. His foray into microservices started around 2005, leading the creation of a distributed system architecture composed of loosely coupled services and composable frontends. Since 2012, when microservices gained recognition, he has been instrumental in the development of numerous microservices systems, using a wide range of programming languages like .NET, Java, Node.js, Go, Python, and Dart.

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About the Reviewers ❖ Praharsh Jain is a passionate programmer and an information security enthusiast with hands-on experience developing web, mobile and desktop applications using multiple technology stacks. As a seasoned engineering leader, he loves tackling complex problems and mentoring other team members. He has extensive professional experience in creating highly scalable backends leveraging technologies like Java, Golang and Node.js. With a background in Computer Science, Praharsh possesses strong knowledge of CS fundamentals. He is currently working with Grab as a part of the Risk Engineering team creating and maintaining systems that are pivotal in evaluating millions of real-time transactions to prevent fraud. ❖ Venkata Karthik Penikalapati is a distinguished software developer with a decade's expertise in distributed systems and AI/ML pipelines, holding a Master's in Computer Science from the University at Buffalo. At Salesforce's Search Cloud, Venkata drives Data, AI and ML innovation, showcasing his influence in tech. An accomplished speaker and published author, his insights resonate at conferences and in scholarly papers, highlighting his thought leadership. Venkata's role in evolving AI-driven solutions marks him as a pivotal figure in technology's future.

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Acknowledgement The journey of writing this book has been a profoundly rewarding experience, made possible by the unwavering support and contributions of several key individuals and groups. My deepest gratitude goes to my family, whose encouragement and belief in my work have been the bedrock of my motivation. Their support has been invaluable throughout this process. The team at Enterprise Innovation Consulting has played a crucial role, sharing their expertise and experiences in microservices systems, which have greatly enriched the content of this book. Their dedication has been instrumental to our collective success. I extend my thanks to Venkata Karthik and Praharsh Jain for their meticulous technical review, which has significantly enhanced the book's quality. Eugenio Andrieu's editing and Danil Prisyazhniy's preparation of code samples have been vital in ensuring the clarity and applicability of the material presented. The entire team at BPB Publication has been exceptional in guiding me through the book writing and publishing process, helping to refine and polish the content to fit within the confines of the book without compromising its richness. This book is a testament to the collaboration, expertise, and support of each individual mentioned and more. To everyone involved, thank you for helping turn this vision into reality.

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Preface In the evolving landscape of software architecture, microservices have emerged as a cornerstone for building scalable, resilient systems. Microservices Design Patterns with Java is crafted for professionals navigating this complex domain, offering over 70 design patterns and practices essential for developing robust microservices. Tailored for architects, team leads, developers, and DevOps engineers with a solid grounding in microservices and Java, this book serves as a comprehensive guide to mastering the intricacies of microservices architecture. With a practical approach, we present patterns ranging from architectural design to deployment, each accompanied by Java code examples. This format allows readers to apply the concepts directly to their projects, facilitating a deeper understanding and immediate implementation. The book is structured as a flexible reference, enabling professionals to explore topics in any order and apply patterns to various challenges. Distinguishing itself in a crowded field, this publication targets experienced practitioners, offering a concise compilation of established and emerging patterns. It aims to equip readers with the knowledge and tools to tackle the challenges of microservices development, ensuring the delivery of efficient, scalable, and reliable systems. Chapter 1: Defining Product Vision and Organization Structure - Explores the importance of aligning

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microservices with organizational structure and product vision for successful implementation. Chapter 2: Architecting Microservices Systems - Introduces architectural patterns for decomposing systems into microservices, covering communication styles, security models, and deployment strategies. Chapter 3: Organizing and Documenting Code - Discusses best practices for structuring and documenting microservices code to ensure maintainability and scalability. Chapter 4: Configuring Microservices - Covers various configuration strategies for microservices at different lifecycle stages, emphasizing dynamic configuration for flexibility. Chapter 5: Implementing Communication - Details synchronous and asynchronous communication patterns, including HTTP/REST, gRPC, and message-driven approaches, ensuring efficient service interaction. Chapter 6: Working with Data - Presents data management patterns for microservices, including CRUD, CQRS, event sourcing, and strategies for database architecture. Chapter 7: Handling Complex Business Transactions - Explores patterns for managing business transactions in microservices, including state management, distributed transactions, and reliability strategies. Chapter 8: Exposing External APIs - Discusses designing and securing external APIs, highlighting the importance of API gateways, authentication, and versioning for external integration. Chapter 9: Monitoring Microservices - Introduces monitoring strategies for microservices, covering logging, metrics collection, distributed tracing, and health checks.

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Chapter 10: Packaging Microservices - Explores packaging strategies for deploying microservices across various platforms, including Docker, serverless, and traditional JEE servers. Chapter 11: Testing Microservices - Details patterns for automating microservices testing, covering both functional and non-functional aspects to ensure robustness and performance. Chapter 12: Scripting Environments - Discusses the use of scripted environments for efficient microservices delivery, emphasizing automation in infrastructure management. Chapter 13: Automating CI/CD Pipelines - Introduces continuous integration and continuous delivery pipelines tailored for microservices, focusing on incremental delivery and secure deployment strategies. Chapter 14: Assembling and Deploying Products - Provides a guide to assembling and deploying microservices-based products, covering product packaging, version management, and deployment strategies.

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Code Bundle and Coloured Images Please follow the link to download the Code Bundle and the Coloured Images of the book: https://rebrand.ly/b4tfcj2 The code bundle for the book is also hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/bpbpublications/Microservices- Design-Patterns-with-Java. In case there’s an update to the code, it will be updated on the existing GitHub repository. We have code bundles from our rich catalogue of books and videos available at https://github.com/bpbpublications. Check them out! Errata We take immense pride in our work at BPB Publications and follow best practices to ensure the accuracy of our content to provide with an indulging reading experience to our subscribers. Our readers are our mirrors, and we use their inputs to reflect and improve upon human errors, if any, that may have occurred during the publishing processes involved. To let us maintain the quality and help us reach out to any readers who might be having difficulties due to any unforeseen errors, please write to us at : errata@bpbonline.com

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Table of Contents 1. Defining Product Vision and Organization Structure Introduction Structure Objectives Microservices adoption goals Problem Scalability Productivity Time to Market Innovation Incremental delivery Problem Solution Development Model Problem Agile Workshop Software factory Organization structure Problem Feature delivery teams Platform teams Integration teams

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Microservices adoption process Problem Solution Antipatterns Conclusion References Further reading 2. Architecting Microservices Systems Introduction Structure Objectives Microservice definition Problem Solution Architectural decomposition Problem Functional decomposition Data decomposition Domain-driven design Layered architecture Microservice sizing Problem Solution Communication style Problem Synchronous microservices Message-driven microservices Event-driven microservices

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Business logic coordination and control flow Problem Orchestration Choreography Security model Problem Zero trust model Secure perimeter Cross-platform deployments Problem Symmetric deployments Asymmetric deployments Tenancy Problem Single-tenancy Multi-tenancy Development stacks Problem Platform-specific frameworks Cross-platform frameworks Polyglot and cross-platform frameworks Conclusion References Further reading 3. Organizing and Documenting Code Introduction Structure Objectives

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Code repositories Problem Mono-repo Multi-repo Workspace Problem Solution Code structure Problem Functional / domain-driven code structure Type / Technology-based code structure Code sharing Problem No code sharing Shared libraries / versioned dependencies Sidecar Code compatibility Problem Full backward compatibility Namespace versioning Minimalist documentation Problem Handwritten documentation Readme Changelog Todo Commit messages Auto code documentation Problem JavaDoc generation

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Auto-generated comments Code reviews Problem Pull request reviews Periodic reviews Code review checklist Auto code checks Microservice Chassis / Microservice template Problem Solution Antipatterns Conclusion Further reading 4. Configuring Microservices Introduction Structure Objectives Configuration types Problem Solution Day 0 Configuration Day 1 Configuration Day 2 Configuration Hardcoded configuration Problem Solution Static configuration Problem